Wisdom Tooth Extraction

Why Might a Wisdom Tooth Need to Be Removed?

A wisdom tooth may require assessment when it is causing symptoms or is associated with a dental problem.

Possible reasons for considering extraction include:

• Repeated inflammation around a partially erupted wisdom tooth
• Tooth decay affecting the wisdom tooth
• Gum problems around the tooth
• Food becoming trapped around a partially erupted tooth
• Damage or decay affecting a neighbouring tooth
• A wisdom tooth that is difficult to clean
• Certain changes around the tooth identified during examination or imaging

The presence of one of these factors does not necessarily mean extraction is the only option. Your dentist will consider your individual circumstances before recommending treatment.

What Is an Impacted Wisdom Tooth?

A wisdom tooth is described as impacted when it does not erupt into its expected position because its path is restricted.

An impacted tooth may remain partly or completely beneath the gum. It can also develop at an angle rather than following the normal direction of eruption.

Some impacted wisdom teeth may cause symptoms, while others may not. Your dentist can assess the position of an impacted tooth and discuss whether monitoring or treatment may be appropriate.

Can a Wisdom Tooth Be Left in Place?

In some circumstances, a wisdom tooth may be monitored rather than removed.

Your dentist may consider factors such as whether the tooth is causing symptoms, whether it can be kept clean, its position and the condition of the surrounding teeth and tissues.

If there is no current reason to remove the tooth, your dentist may discuss monitoring it as part of your ongoing dental care.

If problems develop later, the tooth can be reassessed.

How Is a Wisdom Tooth Assessed?

Your dentist will examine the wisdom tooth and the surrounding area. They may check the gum tissue, neighbouring teeth and how much of the wisdom tooth has erupted.

An X-ray may be recommended when additional information about the tooth's position, roots or surrounding structures is needed.

The type of imaging used depends on the clinical circumstances. Your dentist can explain why imaging may be recommended and how it may help with treatment planning.

Does Every Wisdom Tooth Extraction Require Surgery?

No. The type of extraction depends largely on how accessible the wisdom tooth is.

A fully erupted wisdom tooth that can be accessed appropriately may sometimes be removed using a conventional extraction technique.

If the tooth is impacted, partially covered by gum or bone, or difficult to access, a surgical approach may be required. This can involve making an incision in the gum, removing a small amount of bone or dividing the tooth into sections.

Your dentist can explain the proposed approach after assessing your wisdom tooth.

What Happens During Wisdom Tooth Extraction?

The area around the tooth is usually numbed with local anaesthetic before extraction.

For a straightforward extraction, the dentist can use appropriate instruments to loosen and remove the tooth.

If a surgical approach is needed, the dentist may make an incision to access the tooth. Depending on its position, a small amount of surrounding bone may need to be removed, or the tooth may be divided into sections to assist with removal.

Once the tooth has been removed, the area is managed according to the procedure. Stitches may be placed where appropriate.

The exact steps vary from one wisdom tooth to another.

What If My Wisdom Tooth Is Close to Important Structures?

Wisdom teeth, particularly lower wisdom teeth, can sometimes be positioned close to nerves or other anatomical structures.

An X-ray can provide information about the position of the tooth and its roots. In some cases, further imaging may be considered if your dentist needs more information for treatment planning.

If the tooth presents particular anatomical or clinical considerations, your dentist can explain these to you and discuss whether referral to another dental professional may be appropriate.

What Is Recovery Like After Wisdom Tooth Extraction?

Recovery varies depending on the tooth, the type of extraction and individual factors.

Tenderness and swelling are common considerations following wisdom tooth removal, particularly where a surgical approach has been used. Some people may also experience bruising or temporary difficulty opening their mouth.

Your dental team will provide instructions for looking after the extraction site. These may include advice about eating, cleaning your teeth, physical activity and any medication that has been recommended or prescribed.

Follow the specific instructions given to you, as aftercare can vary between procedures.

What Can I Eat After Wisdom Tooth Removal?

Your dentist will advise you about eating after the procedure. Softer foods may be easier to manage during the early part of recovery.

You may also be advised to avoid foods or drinks that could irritate or disturb the extraction site.

As the area heals, you can gradually return to your usual diet according to your comfort and your dentist's advice.

If you are unsure about what you can eat or drink following your particular procedure, ask your dental team for guidance.

How Should I Clean My Mouth After Extraction?

Keeping your mouth clean is an important part of caring for your remaining teeth and gums after an extraction.

Your dentist will explain how to brush and clean around the extraction site without disturbing it. You may receive additional instructions depending on the type of extraction performed.

Avoid putting your fingers or other objects into the extraction site. If you have been given specific instructions about rinsing or cleaning, follow those provided by your dental team.

When Should I Contact My Dentist?

Some discomfort and swelling can occur after wisdom tooth extraction. However, you should contact your dental practice if you experience symptoms that concern you.

These may include significant or persistent bleeding, increasing swelling, worsening pain, fever or other unexpected symptoms.

Your dental team can assess the situation and advise whether further care may be needed. If you have been given specific emergency or out-of-hours instructions, follow those provided by your practice.